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MCQ for practice

 

Dr. Nikhila Deshpande, Dr. Nireeja Pradhan

Answers can be found in the answers page

 

1. Tangentiality

  1. same as circumstantiality
  2. is pathognomonic of schizophrenia
  3. is a disorder or thought
  4. characteristic of mania
  5. described by Goldstein

 

2. Transient Global Amnesia

  1. there is loss of identity
  2. is a dissociative phenomenon
  3. memory deficits are global
  4. confabulation is common
  5. attention span is normal

 

3.  Buspirone

  1. is a cyclopyrrolone compound
  2. side effect includes sedation
  3. can cause hyperprolactinaemia
  4. is contraindicated in epilepsy
  5. is useful in the treatment of panic disorder

 

4. Depressive Position

  1. is described by Melanie Klein
  2. is a basis of depression in adult life
  3. develops before paranoid position
  4. child realizes world is not perfect
  5. refers to splitting & isolation

 

5. Tests of Fontal lobe function include:

  1. Weschsler memory test
  2. trail making test
  3. Wisconsin card sorting test
  4. repertory test
  5. Stanford Binet test

 

6. Erik Erikson

  1. was an id  psychologist
  2. has described psychological stages of development
  3. initiative vs guilt corresponds to Freud's anal stage of development
  4. discarded Freud's three levels of consciousness
  5. described archetypes 

 

7. According to the principles of perceptual organisation,

  1. cocktail party situation is an example of figure-ground
  2. the whole is a greater than the sum of its parts
  3. closed figures are  more easily perceived than open ones
  4. accommodation is a non-pictorial depth cue
  5. law of closure is one of the principle

 

8. Bowlby's attachment theory:

  1. mothering is almost useless if delayed until after 21/2 to 3 yr
  2. highlighted equal importance to attachment with father
  3. accepts that young children develop umltiple attachments
  4. describes 'hospitalism'
  5. describes seperation anxiety

 

9. The following conditions are suggested by a finding of irritability at interview

  1. depression
  2. Huntington chorea
  3. general paresis of insane 
  4. hypomania
  5. Gilles de la Tourette

 

10. The GABA - A receptor complex

  1. is associated with a calcium channel
  2. diazepam is a selective agonist
  3. has a steroid binding site
  4. is inhibited by picrotoxin
  5. baclofen is a selective agonist

 

11. Cotard's syndrome

  1. has an acute onset
  2. occurs mostly in elderly age group
  3. more common in females than males
  4. involves delusions of religion
  5. common in depression

 

12. The following are involuntary movements

  1. mannerism
  2. hemiballismus
  3. chorea
  4. athetosis
  5. stereotypy

 

13.  Following antipsychotics do not cause hypertension

  1. risperidone
  2. olanzapine
  3. quetiapine
  4. amisulpride
  5. clozapine

 

14. Confabulation

  1. is a disorder of memory
  2. is the diagnostic feature of Korsakoff's syndrome
  3. occurs in clear consciousness
  4. suggestibility is a prominent feature of confabulation
  5. is a form of malingering

 

15.The following are good interview skills

  1. maintaining continuous eye contact
  2. the use of non verbal methods of communication
  3. asking direct questions during the interview
  4. being empathetic rather than sympathetic
  5. premature assurances are helpful

 

16. Factors predisposing to interpersonal attraction incude

  1. physical attractiveness
  2. self image
  3. proximity
  4. perceived competence
  5. equal financial state

 

17.  Night terrors

  1. occurs in stage 2 of sleep
  2. there is usually complete amnesia for the event
  3. is a dissociative state
  4. violent behaviour has been reported
  5. a family history is frequently present

 

18. Late onset psychosis

  1. can be associated with blindness
  2. visual hallucinations a characteristic feature
  3. associated with larger cerebral ventricles
  4. commonly associated with lower social classes
  5. family history of schizophrenia is often seen

 

19. A  3 old girl will be scared of

  1. death
  2. monsters
  3. heights
  4. loud noises
  5. strangers

 

20. The following are examples of compulsions

  1. nymphomania
  2. trichotillomania
  3. hypomania
  4. kleptomania
  5. counting rituals

 

21. Higher order conditioning

  1. is synonymous to latent conditioning
  2. trace and simultaneous are types
  3. in delayed or forward conditioning half second interval produces stronger learing
  4. advertisements generally use backward conditioning
  5. variable ratio is the most resistant to extinction

 

22. The following are mature defense mechanisms

  1. sublimation
  2. isolation
  3. splitting
  4. humor
  5. altruism

 

23. The following are involved in the genesis of agoraphobia

  1. flooding 
  2. escape conditioning
  3. avoidance conditioning
  4. selective abstraction
  5. catastrophisation

 

24. Theory of emotion

  1. the James Lang theory explain cognitive basis of emotion
  2. according to the Cannon-Bard theory, ANS responds in the same way to all\emotion stimuli
  3. cognitive labeling theory is essentially based on attributional principles
  4. according to Lazarus cognitive processing is an integral feature of all emotional states
  5. include Plutchick model

 

25. Gustatory hallucinations can occur in

  1. temporal lobe epilepsy
  2. lewy body dementia
  3. panic disorder
  4. histrionic personality disorder
  5. schizophrenia

 

26. The following drugs are lipophillic

  1. lithium
  2. haloperidol
  3. nortriptyline
  4. propranolol
  5. diazepam

 

27. The following are true

  1. Afro-Caribbean men when depressed may instead complain of erectile dysfunction
  2. South Asians rarely complain about mental health problems
  3. schizophrenia is over diagnosed in Afro-Caribbean's
  4. myriachit is a similar disease to latah
  5. susto is an acute anxiety state

 

28. The following pairs are true

  1. Anna Freud : play therapy
  2. Margaret Mahler : separation-individuation
  3. Carl Jung : analytical psychotherapy
  4. Erik Erikson : transactional analysis
  5. Charcot : hysteria

 

29. The following benzodiapines have active metabolites

  1. lorazepam
  2. diazepam
  3. oxazepam
  4. flurazepam
  5. nitrazepam

 

30. Depersonalization

  1. is always associated with derealization
  2. can be a pleasant experience
  3. can be present in schizophrenia
  4. may be drug induced
  5. may be seen in both depression and mania

 

31. The following differentiate dementia from pseudodementia

  1. the word 'WORLD' backward
  2. nominal aphasia
  3. associated depression
  4. motor skills intact
  5. the digit span test

 

32. Transference

  1. is a form of ego strengthening
  2. prevents patients from gaining insight
  3. is the patients emotional response to the therapist
  4. only seen in psychiatric setting
  5. rarely seen in psychoanalysis

 

33. Thurstone's scale

  1. measures social interaction
  2. it is an 11 point scale
  3. time consuming
  4. it is a bipolar visual analogue scale
  5. poor reliability

 

34. Defense mechanisms of OCD include

  1. magical thinking 
  2. denial
  3. undoing
  4. isolation
  5. projection

 

35. delirium tremens

  1. paredolic illusions are often prodromal in delirium tremens
  2. often associated with pleasure as compared to other visual hallucinations
  3. hallucinations often involve the patients occupation
  4. aphasia is common
  5. patients are highly suggestible

 

36. Mental state examination

  1. facial appearance provides information about mood
  2. social behaviour of the patient is not important
  3. the cooperation of the patient is essential
  4. visual hallucinations cannot be assessed
  5. should always be carried out after completing history taking

 

37. Frequent wrist cutting can be seen

  1. in anankastic personality disorder
  2. in schizophrenia
  3. to reduce tension
  4. in depression
  5. in borderline personality

 

38. Multiple personality

  1. commonly associated with more than two personality
  2. predominantly seen in developing countries
  3. commonly associated physical/sexual abuse in childhood
  4. often associated with depression
  5. alternate personalities are mainly children

 

39. Pharmacokinetics

  1. biological half life is the time taken for the activity if the drug to decrease by half
  2. drug administration is proportional to plasma level if the enzyme is not saturated
  3. in first order elimination, the plasma level falls exponentially
  4. protein binding enhances drug distribution      
  5. the use of loading dose is more suitable for drugs with a short half life

 

40. International classification of diseases

  1. is available only in English
  2. it uses operational criteria
  3. includes social consequences of the disorder
  4. uses term mental disorder
  5. neurasthenia is classified under dissociated disorder

 

41. Anorexia

  1. does not occur in mania
  2. can be associated with bulimia
  3. incidence is 20 times higher in females as compared to males
  4. may be due to tuberculosis
  5. growth hormone is raised

 

42. Alpa-2 receptor blockade is associated with

  1. priapism
  2. postural hypotension
  3. clonidine
  4. trazodone
  5. risperidone

 

43.Clinically significant depression is associated with the following

  1. parkinson's disease
  2. treatment with flupenthixol
  3. unemployment
  4. multiple sclerosis
  5. early stages of dementia

 

44. ICD 10

  1. reliability of schizophrenia is high
  2. reliability of histrionic personality disorder is low
  3. reliability of obsessive compulsive disorder is high
  4. time factor is included in diagnosis
  5. only allow for psychiatric diagnosis

 

45. Following drugs induce their own biotransformation

  1. chloral hydrate
  2. phenopthiazine
  3. carbamazepine
  4. caffeine
  5. primidone 

 

46. reliability of psychiatric diagnosis

  1. increased by training psychiatrists
  2. increased by semistructured interviews
  3. has been tested internationally
  4. not important if validity guaranteed 
  5. increased with operational definition

 

47. obsessive compulsive disorder

  1. cannot be diagnosed in the presence of delusions and hallucinations
  2. is related to oedipal fixation
  3. is commonly associated with obsessional personality
  4. there is decreased blood flow in the frontal lobe
  5. motor behaviour precedes thoughts

 

48.With opiates following is true

  1. withdrawl symptoms rarely threaten life of someone who is in reasonable health
  2. heroin is often used to replace naltrexone
  3. clinical effects include restlessness abdominal pain and piloerection
  4. it can cause an amotivational state 
  5. also known as ice

 

49. Postpartum disorder

  1. pregnant teenagers carry high risk of suicide
  2. sulpiride should be avoided in breast feeding mothers
  3. ECT is contraindicated
  4. pueperal schizophrenia is rare
  5. the onset of puperal psychosis is rarely in first two days

 

50. Organic causes of anxiety include

  1. phaeochromocytoma
  2. hyperglycaemia
  3. hyperthyroidism
  4. porphyria
  5. hyperventilation

 

 

1. Schneider's first rank symptoms include

  1. thought block
  2. somatic Passivity
  3. second person hallucinations
  4. thought echo
  5. delusional perception

 

2. The following are characteristically accompanied by impaired consciousness

  1. alcoholic hallucinations
  2. Korsakoff's psychosis
  3. Wernicke's encephalopathy
  4. delirium tremens
  5. acute alcoholic hepatitis

 

3. Features of organic confusional state include

  1. improve at night
  2. misidentification
  3. worse in the evenings
  4. visual hallucinations
  5. hyperventilation

 

4. Wernicke's encephalopathy presents with

  1. opthalmoplegia
  2. nystagmus
  3. ataxia
  4. abnormal pupil reaction
  5. altered consciousness

 

5. Fugue states

  1. arise suddenly and dramatically
  2. rarely last more than two weeks
  3. are associated with intermittent amnesia
  4. are often precipitated by an emotional event
  5. disorientation is a recognised feature

 

6.The following are found in normal subjects

  1. depersonalisation
  2. deja vu
  3. deja vecu
  4. encapsulated delusions
  5. ideas of reference

 

7. Agoraphobia

  1. occurs in women mainly before the age of 35
  2. does not occur in men
  3. is specific to open spaces
  4. is associated with marital difficulties
  5. frequently associated with overvalued ideas

 

8. Features of the history which are of particular importance in phobia patients include

  1. marital history
  2. social class
  3. school attainment
  4. detailed account of onset
  5. alcohol intake

 

9. The following observations would be useful in differentiating dementia from depression in a 70 year old

  1. memory loss
  2. visual hallucinations
  3. don't know answers
  4. catastrophic reaction
  5. psychomotor retardation

 

10. The following is true of phobias

  1. they are entirely irrational
  2. worse in trains than in cars
  3. commoner in women
  4. can be explained by preparedness
  5. avoidance leads to incubation

 

11. Characteristic features of the history in an alcoholic include

  1. a tendency to exaggerate drinking
  2. absenteeism on Fridays
  3. a family history of schizophrenia
  4. reinstatement after abstinence
  5. wanting an eye opener

 

12. Suicide is associated with

  1. high I.Q.
  2. social class
  3. suicidal ideas
  4. alcoholism
  5. OCD

 

13. The following would suggest a diagnosis of mania rather than schizophrenia

  1. irritability
  2. brief episodes of depression
  3. delusions of grandiosity
  4. somatic passivity
  5. stereotype

 

14. Overinclusive thinking

  1. can be demonstrated with card sorting tasks
  2. is a feature of mania
  3. is a recognised feature of thought disorder
  4. is a feature of frontal lobe pathology
  5. can be found in normal people

 

15.  Following occur in auras with a temporal lobe focus

  1. micropsia
  2. paredolia
  3. tinnitus
  4. a smell of burning rubber
  5. xanthopsia

 

16.  Hallucinations may be caused by

  1. acute anxiety
  2. cataracts
  3. alcohol
  4. sensory deprivation
  5. sleep deprivation

 

17.  Dissociative states include

  1. automatic writing
  2. fugues
  3. night terrors
  4. autoscopy
  5. Royal Free Disease

 

18.  Following are sedative antidepressants

  1. Clomipramine
  2. Phenelzine
  3. Dothiepine
  4. Mianserine
  5. Imipramine

 

19.  Drugs which interact significantly with MAOI include

  1. Inhalational anaesthetics
  2. L-Dopa
  3. Tyramine
  4. Tryptophan
  5. Pethidine

 

20.  Tricyclic Antidepressants

  1. are contraindicated in patients with cataract
  2. are safer than ECT in men with a history of myocardial infarction
  3. potentiate the pressor response to NA
  4. can be the combined with carbamazepine in depression
  5. should never be combined with MAOI

 

21.  Drugs which interact significantly with tricyclics include

  1. cold cures
  2. morphine
  3. propranolol
  4. isoprenaline
  5. clozapine

 

22.  Haloperidol produces following side effects

  1. cholestatic jaundice
  2. tardive dyskinesia
  3. akathesia
  4. postural hypotension
  5. impotence

 

23.  Gilles de Tourette's syndrome is characterised by

  1. coprophagia
  2. subjective sudden release of tension
  3. tics
  4. paralysis of limbs
  5. choreiform movements

 

24.  Ideas of reference

  1. are delusions
  2. occur in alcoholics
  3. can lead to isolation
  4. are always pathological
  5. may improve spontaneously

 

25.  Morbid Jealousy

  1. is present in 10- 15% of violent patients
  2. is more common in men than women
  3. can occur in dementia
  4. a characteristic feature of Wernicke's encephalopathy
  5. is usually a separate diagnostic entity

 

26.  The punch drunk syndrome is associated with

  1. cerebral atrophy
  2. aphasia
  3. ataxia
  4. personality change
  5. unresponsive facies

 

27.  Disorientation in place is a characteristic feature of

  1. confusional states
  2. severe anxiety
  3. Wernicke's encephalopathy
  4. Korsakoff's psychosis
  5. acute manic episode

 

28.  Depressive psychosis is associated with

  1. visual hallucinations
  2. persecutory delusions
  3. delusions of punishment
  4. ideas of harming others
  5. nocturnal worsening

 

29.  The following remarks by a patient during a psychiatric interview suggests that he is suffering from a psychotic illness

  1. the noise in my left ear is like the sea flowing over the roof
  2. they are taking the thoughts away from my mind and leaving it empty
  3. unwanted thoughts keep coming in to my mind
  4. my dead wife sometime appears  just before I go to sleep
  5. I have heard my name called out, although there was none there

 

30.  Following are important interactions

  1. propranolol and tricyclics
  2. isoprenaline and tricyclics
  3. alcohol and metranidazole
  4. haloperidol and lithium
  5. venlafaxine and lithium

 

31.  Effects of diazepam include

  1. fits on withdrawal
  2. fast waves on ECG
  3. selective increase in REM sleep
  4. potentiation of the effect of TCA
  5. amnesia

 

32.  Classical signs of grief include

  1. protest
  2. manic defence
  3. bargaining
  4. denial and numbness
  5. recrimination

 

33.  Schneider's first rank symptoms

  1. are primarily psychological phenomena from which all others are derived
  2. are found in psychosis associated with epilepsy
  3. occur in most autistic children
  4. predict decline in social functioning
  5. may lead to secondary delusions

 

34.  Spatial orientation may be impaired in

  1. puerperal psychosis
  2. depersonalisation
  3. right parietal lobe lesions
  4. hysterical fugue
  5. post ictal states

 

35.  Recognised feature of catatonia

  1. motor blocking
  2. cataplexy
  3. stereotypies
  4. psychological pillow
  5. stupor

 

36.  The following are good discriminating features between major depression and primary anorexia nervosa

  1. constipation
  2. early morning awakening
  3. cold extremities
  4. distorted body image
  5. low self esteem

 

37.  The following are commonly associated with motor neurone disease

  1. fasciculation of the upper limbs
  2. dysphagia
  3. dysarthria
  4. amnesia
  5. uncontrolled weeping

 

38.  Extinction

  1. tends to occur with non-reinforcement of a conditioned response
  2. is a part of the death instinct
  3. tends to occur with the repetition of the conditioned stimulus in the absence of unconditioned stimulus
  4. is usually followed by spontaneous recovery when the conditioned stimulus recurs
  5. is best inhibited by random reinforcement

 

39.  Following statements about token economy are correct

  1. it has been used effectively in mentally handicapped patients
  2. it attempts to induce socially acceptable behaviour through the use of tokens
  3. there is conclusive evidence that improvement by it is maintained outside the institution
  4. emphasis is on the immediate reinforcement of adaptive behaviour
  5. the technique is based on the principles of operant conditioning

 

40.  Operant conditioning

  1. is useful in training mentally handicapped children
  2. is same as classical conditioning
  3. extinguished more rapidly when build up under partial reinforcement
  4. of value in the treatment of addictions
  5. based oh techniques derived from hypnosis

 

41. Classical conditioning

  1. is also called Skinnerian
  2. is the same as operant conditioning
  3. is sometimes called the method of stimulus substitution
  4. cannot account for novelty in behaviour
  5. stimulus generalisation is a recognised feature

 

42.  Primary delusions

  1. may be secondary to auditory hallucinations
  2. frequently systematised to secondary delusions
  3. characteristically persecutory
  4. are frequently preceded by delusional mood
  5. can occur in normal people

 

43.  defence mechanisms include

  1. denial
  2. splitting
  3. identification with the aggressor
  4. sublimation
  5. humour

 

44.  Neurofibrillary tangles are seen in

  1. Alzheimer's disease
  2. Downs syndrome
  3. Pick's disease
  4. Lewy body dementia
  5. punch drunk syndrome

 

45.  An elderly patient could present in confusion due to following illness

  1. cerebro vascular accident
  2. hypothyroidism
  3. hyperglycaemia
  4. Benzodiazepine use
  5. Pick's disease

 

46.  Parietal lobe lesions could produce

  1. superior quadrant hemianopia
  2. left right disorientation
  3. topagnosea
  4. alexia with agraphia
  5. sensory dissociation

 

47.  In heroin addiction

  1. inspection of the limbs could reliably exclude intravenous heroin use
  2. the sated amount of consumption by the patient is a reliable estimate
  3. HIV testing is mandatory
  4. tricuspid endocarditis is a recognised complications
  5. Is a known cause of drug induced psychosis

 

48.  In psychoanalytic theory ego strength

  1. is a good predictor of outcome in psychotherapy
  2. is a major feature of obsessive compulsive personality
  3. is poor in borderline personality disorder
  4. weakening leads to psychotic illness
  5. is preserved by defence mechanisms

 

49.  Anxiety in psychoanalytic theory

  1. is due to threats from superego forces
  2. is due to threats from id forces
  3. is a warning from ego
  4. is always due to castration fear
  5. improves with age

 

50.  Obsessive compulsive phenomena in psychoanalytic theory

  1. are understood as dramatisation
  2. are always due to oedipal conflict
  3. reduce anxiety
  4. reflect undoing
  5. projecting mechanism

     

 

51.  Explanations in psychoanalytic theory for the contents of dreams include

  1. condensation
  2. sublimation
  3. idealisation
  4. displacement
  5. dissociation

 

52.  Counter transference

  1. is the therapist's emotional reaction to the patient
  2. can give useful information about the emotional state of the patient
  3. should be explained to the patient
  4. is therapeutically useful in chronic rehabilitation
  5. is a reason why therapist should have his own analysis

 

53.  In a psychotherapy group the leader should

  1. promote the establishment of a small ideal democratic society
  2. enhance interpersonal learning
  3. only intervene if things get out of hand
  4. stop the development of a group culture
  5. prevent self idealisation

 

54.  In psychoanalytic terms, hysterical conversion symptoms

  1. serve to reduce conscious anxiety
  2. are a symbolic expression of neurotic conflict
  3. are produced by unconscious mechanisms
  4. occur only in hysterical personality
  5. are mediated through the autonomic nervous system

 

55.In psychoanalytic therapy resistance is suggested by

  1. ventilation
  2. forgetfulness
  3. evasion
  4. free association
  5. denial

 

56.  Transference phenomena

  1. should always be interpreted
  2. only occur in psychoanalysis
  3. are ignored in Malan's brief psychotherapy
  4. are widespread in professional caring relationships
  5. never occur in behaviour therapy

 

57.  Ankle jerk and knee jerk both characteristically lost in

  1. infectious polymyalgia
  2. Motor neurone disease
  3. tabes dorsalis
  4. Friedrichs ataxia
  5. cervical spine lesion

 

58.  Posterior column lesion results in loss of

  1. pain
  2. light touch
  3. vibration
  4. proprioception
  5. discriminatory touch

 

59.  In EEG

  1. closure of eyes attenuates alpha rhythm
  2. tracing can be abolished in hepatic precoma
  3. tracing is maximal in the occipital lobes
  4. amplitude can be asymmetrical normally
  5. alpha rhythms are continual throughout sleep

 

60.  The optic reflex depends upon

  1. optic radiation
  2. Edinger Westphal nucleus
  3. optic cortex
  4. occulomotor nerve
  5. cilliary muscle

     

  

61.  Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease

  1. is rare under the age of 40
  2. is commoner in rural areas
  3. shows characteristic EEG changes
  4. has only been transmitted to experimental animals via brain tissue from an infected subject
  5. is one of the "spongiform encephalopathies"

 

62.  Features of pseudo-bulbar palsy include

  1. brisk jaw jerk
  2. emotional lability
  3. fasciculating tongue
  4. absent gag reflex
  5. dysphagia

 

63.  An adequate system of classification in psychiatry

  1. would be based on aetiology, if it is known
  2. would be purely descriptive
  3. could be pentaxial
  4. would be mutually inclusive and jointly exclusive
  5. would be both reliable and valid

 

64.  Visual illusions

  1. may occur in normal people
  2. may be influenced by the prevailing emotional tone
  3. occur in those totally blind from birth
  4. occur in those suffering sudden blindness in middle age
  5. are more common in dim light than in bright conditions

 

65.  In standard psychiatric history and MSE

  1. occupational history is taken to asses work suitability
  2. proverb interpretation is a test to demonstrate concrete thinking
  3. cognitive testing is not indicated if a full and clear history is obtained
  4. MSE should always be conducted in the same recommended sequence
  5. it is possible to draw hypothesis about family dynamics from the family history

 

66.  Patients suffering from acute organic brain syndrome

  1. show fluctuations in their level of consciousness
  2. should be nursed in a quiet darkened room
  3. are frequently excitable
  4. are often preoccupied with internal themes
  5. are suggestible

 

67.  Common side effects of tricyclic anti depressants include

  1. fine tremor
  2. urinary retention
  3. ileus
  4. postural hypotension
  5. blurring of vision

 

68.  Features of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome include

  1. hypertonia
  2. autonomic lability
  3. hyperpyrexia
  4. cerebral metastatic deposits
  5. symptoms which respond to anti-cholinergic medication

 

69.  Features of Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome include

  1. flash-backs
  2. ideas of reference
  3. emotional numbing
  4. hypervigilance
  5. patchy amnesia

 

70. With long term neuroleptic treatment

  1. lower doses are needed for prophylaxis than for acute illness
  2. intermittent treatment can lead to higher total dosages
  3. relapse is unlikely to occur if drugs are withdrawn after two years
  4. males are more likely to suffer tardive dyskinesia
  5. treatment should not be started after a first episode of schizophrenic illness

 

 

71. The following are sedating antidepressants

  1. clomipramine
  2. phenelzine
  3. dothiepin
  4. mianserin
  5. imipramine

 

72.  Computerised axial tomography of the head

  1. is the initial investigation of choice in subarachnoid haemorrage
  2. demonstrates nigro-striate degeneration in parkinson's disease
  3. is often normal within six hours of large infarct
  4. fresh blood shows up as dark areas on the scan
  5. demonstrates all space occupying lesions.

  

73. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head

  1. is not very sensitive in multiple sclerosis
  2. claustrophobia is a relative contraindication
  3. a pacemaker is an absolute contraindication
  4. demonstrates calcification better than CT
  5. is useful in temporal lobe epilepsy

 

74. Lumbar puncture

  1. is always contraindicated if papilloedema is present
  2. is safe if a frontal lobe mass is present
  3. is safe if a posterior fossa mass is present
  4. is safe in benign intracranial hypertension
  5. can be diagnostic in subarachnoid haemorrhage

 

75. Emotional lability is seen in

  1. severe depression
  2. pseudobulbar palsy
  3. simple schizophrenia
  4. hysteria
  5. delirium

 

76. Following may present as obsessions in OCD

  1. mental images
  2. primary slowness
  3. hallucinations
  4. delusions
  5. panic attacks

 

77. Following lend weight to a diagnosis of schizophrenia

  1. perserveration
  2. visual hallucinations
  3. autoscopy
  4. asyndetic thinking
  5. olfactory hallucinations

 

78. Patients with alexithymia have

  1. difficulty in reading
  2. lack of empathy
  3. reduced fantasy thinking
  4. reduced symbolic thinking
  5. difficulty distinguishing between somatic and psychological feelings

 

79. Characteristic features of Wernicke's encephalopathy include

  1. ataxia
  2. diplopia
  3. confusion
  4. peripheral neuropathy
  5. dysphasia

 

80. Following distinguish between organic and functional disorders

  1. disorientation
  2. visual hallucinations
  3. poor performance of the serial sevens test
  4. dysphasia
  5. poor registration